У роботі досліджено особливості перекладу кальок з англійської мови на українську на матеріаліах інтернет-видань. Актуальність теми зумовлена посиленням іншомовного впливу на український медіадискурс, особливо в умовах повномасштабного вторгнення росії, коли обсяги перекладних новин значно зросли. Проаналізовано поняття кальки та її основні види, описані в сучасному перекладознавстві, а також специфіку їх функціонування у публіцистичних текстах.
Фактичним матеріалом слугували тексти «Української правди» та «Суспільного», які активно працюють із англомовними джерелами. У роботі виокремлено найтиповіші лексичні та синтаксичні кальки, з’ясовано причини їх появи та охарактеризовано їх відповідність нормам української мови.
The study examines the specific features of translating calques from English into Ukrainian based on materials from contemporary online media. The relevance of the topic is determined by the intensifying influence of English on Ukrainian media discourse—an influence that has grown particularly strong since the beginning of Russia’s full-scale invasion of Ukraine, when the volume of translated news increased substantially. This surge in translation activity has highlighted numerous cases of direct structural borrowing, which affect both the linguistic quality of media texts and the dynamics of modern Ukrainian usage.
The research provides an overview of the concept of a calque and analyses its principal types as defined in modern translation studies, with particular attention to their pragmatic, semantic, and structural characteristics. Special consideration is given to the functioning of calques in journalistic discourse, where the pressure for rapid publication often leads to literal translation and the uncritical transfer of English syntactic and lexical patterns.
The empirical material for the study consists of texts published by Ukrainska Pravda and Suspilne Novyny, two major Ukrainian online media outlets that systematically work with English-language sources and frequently produce translated or adapted news content. Within this material, the study identifies the most common lexical and syntactic calques, traces the linguistic and extralinguistic factors that motivate their appearance, and evaluates the extent to which these calques align with or diverge from established norms of Ukrainian literary language.
The findings demonstrate that many calques arise due to time pressure, the dominance of English in international communication, the lack of established Ukrainian equivalents for new concepts, and the growing tendency of media platforms to replicate global discursive patterns. At the same time, the research shows that not all calques are equally problematic: some become naturalized and fill genuine lexical gaps, while others introduce structural inconsistencies or distort semantic relations. Overall, the study contributes to a more nuanced understanding of how English-derived calques function in Ukrainian online journalism and how their translation affects the development of contemporary Ukrainian media language.
